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Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam — Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam
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ससर्ज च्छाययाविद्यां पञ्चपर्वाणमग्रतः
तामिस्रमन्धतामिस्रं तमो मोहो महातमः
sasarja cchāyayāvidyāṁ
pañca-parvāṇam agrataḥ
tāmisram andha-tāmisraṁ
tamo moho mahā-tamaḥ
WORD BY WORD — PALABRA POR PALABRA
TRANSLATION — TRADUCCION
 | First of all, Brahmā created from his shadow the coverings of ignorance of the conditioned souls. They are five in number and are called tāmisra, andha-tāmisra, tamas, moha and mahā-moha. | | | En primer lugar, Brahmā creó de su sombra las cubiertas de ignorancia de las almas condicionadas. Son cinco, y se llaman tāmisra, andha-tāmisra, tamas, moha y mahā-moha. | |
PURPORT — SIGNIFICADO
| | The conditioned souls, or living entities who come to the material world to enjoy sense gratification, are covered in the beginning by five different conditions. The first condition is a covering of tāmisra, or anger. Constitutionally, each and every living entity has minute independence; it is misuse of that minute independence for the conditioned soul to think that he can also enjoy like the Supreme Lord or to think, “Why shall I not be a free enjoyer like the Supreme Lord?” This forgetfulness of his constitutional position is due to anger or envy. The living entity, being eternally a part-and-parcel servitor of the Supreme Lord, can never, by constitution, be an equal enjoyer with the Lord. When he forgets this, however, and tries to be one with Him, his condition is called tāmisra. Even in the field of spiritual realization, this tāmisra mentality of the living entity is hard to overcome. In trying to get out of the entanglement of material life, there are many who want to be one with the Supreme. Even in their transcendental activities, this lower-grade mentality of tāmisra continues. | | | Hay cinco condiciones diferentes que cubren al principio a las almas condicionadas, es decir, a las entidades vivientes que vienen al mundo material para disfrutar de la complacencia de los sentidos. La primera es una cobertura de tāmisra, ira. Por naturaleza, toda entidad viviente tiene una diminuta independencia; el alma condicionada utiliza mal esa diminuta independencia cuando piensa que también ella puede disfrutar como el Señor Supremo, es decir, cuando piensa: «¿Por qué no voy a disfrutar yo libremente, como el Señor Supremo?» Este olvido de su posición constitucional se debe a la ira o la envidia. La entidad viviente, que es eternamente parte integral, y servidor del Señor Supremo, nunca puede, por naturaleza, ser un disfrutador del mismo nivel que el Señor. Sin embargo, cuando lo olvida y trata de ser uno con Él, su condición se denomina tāmisra. Esa mentalidad tāmisra de la entidad viviente es difícil de superar incluso en el campo de la iluminación espiritual. Hay muchos que, tratando de liberarse del enredo de la vida material, quieren ser uno con el Supremo. Esa mentalidad de grado inferior, tāmisra, continúa incluso en sus actividades trascendentales. | | | | | This andha-tāmisra ignorance is due to tamas. The condition of not knowing anything about the spirit soul is called tamas. This material world is also generally called tamas because ninety-nine percent of its living entities are ignorant of their identity as soul. Almost everyone is thinking that he is this body; he has no information of the spirit soul. Guided by this misconception, one always thinks, “This is my body, and anything in relationship with this body is mine.” For such misguided living entities, sex life is the background of material existence. Actually, the conditioned souls, in ignorance in this material world, are simply guided by sex life, and as soon as they get the opportunity for sex life, they become attached to so-called home, motherland, children, wealth and opulence. As these attachments increase, moha, or the illusion of the bodily concept of life, also increases. Thus the idea that “I am this body, and everything belonging to this body is mine” also increases, and as the whole world is put into moha, sectarian societies, families and nationalities are created, and they fight with one another. Mahā-moha means to be mad after material enjoyment. Especially in this Age of Kali, everyone is overwhelmed by the madness to accumulate paraphernalia for material enjoyment. These definitions are very nicely given in Viṣṇu Purāṇa, wherein it is said: | | | Andha-tāmisra conlleva la consideración de que la muerte es el final definitivo. Los ateos generalmente creen que el cuerpo es el ser, y que, por lo tanto, todo se termina con el final del cuerpo. Por esa razón, quieren disfrutar lo más posible de la vida material mientras el cuerpo exista. Su teoría es: «Mientras vivas, debes vivir prósperamente. Nunca te preocupes de si cometes toda clase de supuestos pecados. Debes comer suntuosamente. Roba, mendiga y pide prestado, y si crees que por hacerlo te estás enredando en actividades pecaminosas por las que luego tendrás que pagar, entonces simplemente olvídate de esa idea falsa, porque todo termina con la muerte. Nadie es responsable de nada de lo que hace durante su vida». Este concepto ateo de la vida está matando a la civilización humana, pues no aporta conocimiento sobre la eternidad de la vida. | | | | | tamo ’viveko mohaḥ syād
antaḥ-karaṇa-vibhramaḥ
mahā-mohas tu vijñeyo
grāmya-bhoga-sukhaiṣaṇā
maraṇaṁ hy andha-tāmisraṁ
tāmisraṁ krodha ucyate
avidyā pañca-parvaiṣā
prādurbhūtā mahātmanaḥ | | | tamo ’viveko mohaḥ syād
antaḥ-karaṇa-vibhramaḥ
mahā-mohas tu vijñeyo
grāmya-bhoga-sukhaiṣaṇā
maraṇaṁ hy andha-tāmisraṁ
tāmisraṁ krodha ucyate
avidyā pañca-parvaiṣā
prādurbhūtā mahātmanaḥ | | |
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